Porous Transport Layers (PTLs) in fuel cells are a critical component that plays a key role in achieving high performance and scalability. Fuel cells are rapidly becoming a popular source of clean energy, and PTLs are essential for their successful operation.
PTLs are located between the catalyst layer and the gas diffusion layer in a fuel cell. They are typically made of carbon fiber or carbon paper materials that have high porosity and surface area. The pore size and structure of the PTL can be optimized to enhance gas distribution and water management, which can improve fuel cell performance.
One of the critical functions of PTLs is to distribute reactant gases evenly over the surface of the catalyst layer. This is important for efficient and uniform fuel cell operation. Additionally, PTLs provide mechanical support to the fuel cell structure, preventing deformation or collapse of the gas diffusion layer and catalyst layer.
PTLs also play a critical role in water management, helping to remove water from the catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer. Water management is essential for maintaining the proton exchange membrane's hydration level and avoiding flooding of the cathode. Proper water management can significantly improve fuel cell performance and extend its lifespan.
Furthermore, PTLs serve as an electrical conductor, providing a low-resistance path for the flow of electrons between the catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer. This electrical conductivity helps to enhance fuel cell performance and efficiency.
To achieve high performance and scalability in fuel cells, PTLs must be durable and resistant to degradation under fuel cell operating conditions such as high temperatures, high humidity, and exposure to corrosive gases. Additionally, the PTL must be cost-effective and scalable for large-scale fuel cell production.
In conclusion, PTLs are critical to achieving high performance and scalability in fuel cells. Ongoing research and development are focused on improving PTL materials, structures, and manufact
