Titanium Anode (MMO)

Titanium anode (MMO) is made of precious metal iridium salt coated on titanium substrate and sintered at high temperature. It is widely used in electroplating (copper plating and gold electroplating with high requirements for deep holes in the circuit board industry), electrolysis and other hydrometallurgical industries. The preparation and application of electrodes are quite mature, and it has a history of 40 years. Compared with the traditional platinum-plated electrodes in the alkaline copper process, titanium anodes have incomparable advantages to platinum-plated electrodes:

1. No pollution MMO

The anode coating is a ceramic oxide of precious metal iridium, which is a fairly stable oxide, almost insoluble in any acid and alkali, and the oxide coating is about 20-40 μm, and the overall coating oxide amount is less . Therefore, the MMO anode will not pollute the electroplating solution, which is basically the same as the platinum-plated electrode.

2. High catalytic activity

3. Technical characteristics
4. High cost performance
The service life of the platinum-plated electrode (coating thickness 3.5mm) has been maintained, and the price of the MMO anode is about 80% of that of the platinum-plated electrode. The MMO electrode has better electrochemical stability in the alkaline electroplating copper electrolyte, and at the same time It has excellent electrolytic activity and durability. From the analysis of the cost of the company's MMO anode and PT electrode, it is obvious that the MMO electrode is economical.
5. Since the application of copper in printed circuits needs to use pulse cycle reversal (PPR), we know that the use of platinum-plated titanium insoluble anodes is prohibited. peel off the platinum layer). 
6. Minimal anode maintenance. There is no need to stop production to clean and replenish anodes, replace anode bags and re-coat anodes (increased productivity and reduced labor costs);
7. The life of an insoluble anode depends on the type, operating current density, and contact with various plating chemicals;
Positive direction pulse (PPR) plating anode.

The reverse pulse electroplating anode is also born, because the reaction of copper in the printed circuit board needs to use the pulse period reverse (PPR) technology. We know that the use of platinum-plated titanium insoluble anode is in the sulfuric acid electrolyte, and chloride exists in this In such a current environment, the platinum layer will peel off after a period of time.

Using forward and reverse pulse electroplating anodes has the following characteristics:
1. The geometry of the anode remains unchanged, so that the current distribution is optimized.

2. Less anode maintenance. There is no need to stop the production line to clean and replenish anodes, and the replacement of anode bags increases productivity and reduces labor costs.
3. To solve the problem of uniform coating of deep hole electroplating:

high current efficiency, can withstand 1000A/ M2 current density.
4. No pollution to the electroplating medium.
The positive and negative phase pulse plating anode is an oxygen evolution type electrode, with industrial pure titanium (GR2) as the

base material. Electric anode service life and excellent corrosion resistance.

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